The Essential Guide to Gunite for Swimming Pools: Benefits and Costs
- Adam Allen
- Dec 1
- 8 min read
When it comes to creating a truly custom backyard centerpiece, many homeowners choose gunite for swimming pools because it offers unlimited design possibilities, exceptional strength, and a timeless finish. From freeform curves to sleek geometric lines, gunite pools can be shaped to fit your space and style perfectly while standing the test of time.
In this guide, we’ll look at what gunite is, how it’s built, what really drives costs, and what to expect over its lifespan. You’ll get the clear, jargon-free answers you need to plan confidently and make informed decisions.
With decades of experience designing and building luxury pools throughout New England, Ferrari Pools: Custom Outdoor Living knows what it takes to transform ideas into exceptional, long-lasting outdoor spaces. Now, let’s explore whether gunite is the right choice for your pool.
Key Takeaways
Gunite for swimming pools provides unmatched customization, allowing for any shape, size, or feature to fit your backyard vision.
While the upfront cost is higher, gunite pools deliver superior durability, structural strength, and long-term value.
Proper design, construction, and maintenance ensure a gunite pool remains beautiful, functional, and inviting for decades.
Gunite, Shotcrete, & Concrete—What’s the Real Difference?
A gunite swimming pool is built using a specialized form of concrete construction known as the dry-mix process.
In this method, a dry concrete mix of sand and cement is delivered through an application hose to the nozzle, where water is added just before spraying. Using high-pressure air, the mixture is pneumatically applied to the steel framework, creating a dense and durable gunite pool shell.
This method allows for precise control of the concrete mixture and is valued for its adaptability to various shapes, tanning ledges, infinity edges, and intricate pool design elements.
Gunite vs. shotcrete: The core difference
Shotcrete pools use a wet mix, meaning the water and concrete are combined before entering the hose system. Both gunite and shotcrete fall under the umbrella of pneumatically placed concrete and, when applied correctly by skilled gunite pool builders or pool construction crews, both can achieve impressive compressive strengths of over 4,000 psi after 28 days.
The real distinction lies in the builder’s expertise, the pool building process, and how well the gunite cures during the curing process.
Why you hear both terms
Homeowners often encounter both terms because regional preferences, pool types, and builder practices shape the language used. In inground pools, gunite is favored for high-end custom builds where design flexibility and solid structure matter most.
Shotcrete, on the other hand, is common in large-scale swimming pool construction or projects where wet-mix batching is more practical on the job site.
Both methods, when done properly, deliver a concrete pool with long-term strength, the ability to integrate water features, spas, and plaster finishes, and the flexibility to create the future pool you envision without the shape limitations found in fiberglass pools or vinyl liner pools.
Why Choose Gunite for an Inground Pool?
Design freedom without limits
A gunite pool offers unmatched flexibility when it comes to design. The gunite construction process allows for true custom geometry, such as smooth curves, sharp angles, and intricate features. Because the pool is shaped entirely on-site, it can adapt to complex site layouts and unique backyard visions far better than most other pool types.
Structural versatility built to last
The gunite shell is formed with a steel-reinforced framework, engineered to withstand both external pressure from surrounding soil and internal pressure from the water inside.
The application process, where a dry mixture of sand and cement is sprayed at high speed under air pressure, creates a dense, durable structure. When done right, the result is a pool that resists small cracks and maintains its integrity for decades.
The use of high-quality building materials, precise shaping, and a stable base (often reinforced with crushed stone or gravel) all contribute to long-term strength.
Aesthetic range and personalization
Gunite offers endless possibilities for gunite pool surfaces. Interior finishes range from classic plaster to quartz or pebble aggregates for a distinct texture and color palette. Additions like marble dust can enhance both durability and appearance. Waterline tiles, decking materials, and coping choices allow homeowners to create a new pool that feels entirely their own.
While the gunite pool cost is often higher than pre-formed shells, the ability to customize every detail from the floor shape to the surface material means you can achieve a design that aligns perfectly with your style, function, and long-term maintenance goals. With proper care and balanced water chemistry, a gunite pool remains a centerpiece worth the investment.
From Layout to Water: The Construction Process
Building a custom pool is a complex, multi-phase project. Gunite construction allows for precision at every step to give you a highly adaptable structure that can be tailored to your vision. Here’s what goes into constructing a gunite pool from the first site visit to the first swim.
Planning and layout
The process begins with surveys, measuring, and staking out the exact footprint of the pool. Access for equipment, utility lines, and permits are confirmed during this stage. Every decision here shapes the efficiency and success of the build.
Excavation and base preparation
Once the layout is set, excavation begins. The hole is dug to match the pool’s shape and depth, often leaving room for a slightly larger excavation to accommodate steel reinforcement and plumbing.
In some cases, a base layer of crushed stone is added for stability before the steel rebar cage is installed, along with plumbing and the equipment pad.
The gunite “shoot”
A skilled nozzleman applies a mix of dry materials, sand, and cement with water added at the nozzle. This application, which is driven by high-velocity air, allows the material to be shaped on-site with precision. Proper rebound removal, compaction, and careful shaping are essential to achieving the strength and finish discussed in more detail earlier.
Curing the shell
After application, the shell requires 7–10 or more days of moisture management to ensure the gunite cures properly. Rushing this step can compromise the structure’s integrity and longevity.
Finishes and surrounds
When curing is complete, the pool receives its final details—tile, coping, decking, and the interior surface. Plaster or aggregate finishes bring the design to life while protecting the shell.
Start-up phase
The plaster start-up lasts about 28 days and involves daily brushing, water testing, and balancing chemical levels. Salt systems should be avoided during this period to protect the fresh surface. It’s common to use more chemicals during the first month as the plaster cures and the water chemistry stabilizes.
Timelines and considerations
On average, the construction process for a gunite pool takes 8–12 weeks, though inspections, weather delays, and complex custom features can extend this timeframe. Careful planning at the start helps keep your project on track.
Interior Finishes & Surrounds (Your Daily View)
What you see and feel every time you step into your pool matters as much as the structure beneath it. The choice of finishes and surrounds influences not just appearance, but also comfort, maintenance, and longevity.
Interior finish options
Standard plaster – A classic choice for a smooth, clean look. Affordable and versatile, though it typically needs resurfacing sooner than premium options.
Quartz blends – Combines plaster with crushed quartz for added strength, color depth, and resistance to staining. Offers a refined look with improved durability.
Pebble aggregates – Incorporates small, rounded stones into the finish, creating a textured, slip-resistant surface. Highly durable and available in a wide range of colors for a natural or lagoon-like appearance.
Tile choices
Tile can add subtle detailing or become a focal design element. Options include:
Waterline Tile to protect the plaster at the water’s edge and add color contrast.
Step Markers for safety and visual interest.
Raised Beam and Spa Accents that create definition and tie the design together.
Decking & coping
The materials surrounding your pool complete the look and influence its usability:
Natural Stone offers a timeless, upscale finish with unique texture and variation.
Pavers provide versatility in color and pattern, along with easy repair if a section is damaged.
Concrete Decking can be stamped, stained, or brushed for a clean, functional, and often more cost-effective option.
The right combination of interior finishes, tile, and decking creates a cohesive design that complements both your pool’s architecture and the rest of your outdoor living space.
The Cost Picture (Beyond a Single Number)
Pricing for a custom gunite pool is never one-size-fits-all. The overall cost depends on the size, complexity, and level of finish you choose, as well as regional factors and site conditions.
Typical ranges
For most projects, a gunite pool will fall between $50,000 and $120,000, often translating to $165–$300 per square foot. Larger pools, complex features, and higher-end finishes push toward the upper end of the spectrum.
What drives the price
Several line items influence the total investment:
Excavation and access – Site preparation, equipment access, and any required grading.
Steel reinforcement – The rebar framework that shapes and strengthens the shell.
The gunite crew – Specialized labor for the application and shaping process.
Plumbing and electrical – Lines, fittings, and connections for circulation, heating, and automation.
Equipment set – Pumps, filters, heaters or heat pumps, and control systems.
Tile and coping – Waterline tile, edge treatments, and decorative finishes.
Decking – Concrete, pavers, or natural stone surrounding the pool.
Interior finish – Plaster, quartz, or pebble aggregate surfaces.
Fencing and barriers – Safety features required by code.
Permits and inspections – Local regulatory costs.
Upgrades that add impact
Enhancements such as raised or attached spas, vanishing edges, large water features, premium decking, and advanced automation or lighting systems can significantly raise the price.
Smart Budgeting: Avoiding Surprises
A well-planned budget does more than cover the basics—it helps you anticipate the unexpected. Understanding where hidden costs can arise ensures you’re prepared from day one.
Plan for the “what-ifs”
Some factors can’t be confirmed until construction begins. Rock removal, for example, may be necessary if excavation reveals ledge or large boulders. Limited site access might require smaller equipment or extra labor.
In some cases, utility relocations are needed to clear space for the pool. Building in a contingency fund—often 5–10% of the total budget—helps absorb these surprises without halting progress.
Know exactly what’s included
Before signing a contract, review the proposal in detail. Confirm the decking square footage, the length of gas and electrical runs, and whether fencing or barriers are part of the scope. Clarify landscaping, water features, and automation so you’re sure they’re included—or understand their separate cost.
Compare proposals on equal terms
Not all bids are structured the same way. Look for apples-to-apples comparisons that outline allowances for materials, include warranty terms, and specify start-up care after construction. This ensures you’re not just comparing numbers, but the value and service each builder offers.
By thinking ahead and reading the fine print, you can keep your project on budget and on track without unwelcome surprises mid-build.
Bring Your Vision to Life with Ferrari Pools
Your dream backyard is an experience. Ferrari Pools: Custom Outdoor Living specializes in creating complete outdoor environments that reflect your style and how you want to live. From custom gunite pools to beautifully crafted hardscapes, we design and build spaces that bring people together.
Looking to enhance your space even further? We also offer hot tubs, swim spas, and full maintenance services to keep everything in top condition year-round. Whether you’re starting fresh or upgrading your current setup, we're here to guide you from concept to completion.
Visit our showroom, or contact us today to start planning a backyard you’ll enjoy for years to come.
Conclusion
A gunite pool delivers the rare combination of creative freedom, structural strength, and enduring beauty.
Use this guide as a resource while planning your project, setting a budget, and speaking with potential builders. The more informed you are, the better equipped you’ll be to create a pool that fits your vision and stands the test of time. And if you’re ready to explore ideas for your own backyard, we’re always here to start the conversation.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a gunite swimming pool?
A gunite swimming pool is a type of concrete pool built on-site using a steel rebar framework and a dry mix of sand and cement. The mixture is sprayed at high velocity, allowing for fully custom shapes and features.
How does a gunite pool compare to fiberglass pools?
A gunite pool offers far more design flexibility than fiberglass pools, which come in pre-formed shells and limited shapes. While fiberglass pools install faster and may have lower initial costs, gunite pools provide longer lifespans and fully customized layouts.
What affects the gunite pool cost?
Gunite pool cost depends on size, design complexity, finishes, site conditions, and features such as spas or water features. Upgrades like premium decking, automation, and custom tile also influence pricing.
How is a concrete pool built using the gunite process?
Constructing a gunite pool starts with excavation and steel reinforcement. Then, a dry mix of sand and cement is pneumatically applied over the framework. Once cured, the interior is finished with plaster, quartz, or pebble for the final surface.
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